How To Manage Data Breach by organization
How To Manage Data Breach by organization

Author: Margaret Ogbonnah Introduction A data breach is an accidental or unlawful incident that exposes confidential or protected information which results in the loss or theft of customers’ bank accounts or credit card details, personal health information, passwords or email. Data breaches are every organization’s worst nightmare. They do not only result in the loss of goodwill of an organization…

The Legal Framework for Compensation from Death or Injuries from Occupational Hazards in Nigeria – Part 1
The Legal Framework for Compensation from Death or Injuries from Occupational Hazards in Nigeria – Part 1

By Jeremiah E. Aneji (LLB, B.L, MDRPN) INTRODUCTION When considering employment, the topmost concern for any worker is whether they will be safeguarded or assured some form of protection in case of exposure to occupational hazards. Such hazards can incapacitate them or, in tragic cases, lead to their demise. The 2016 report on Nigeria’s Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) profile…

Unraveling Competition Law: Promoting Fair Competition in the Modern Era
Unraveling Competition Law: Promoting Fair Competition in the Modern Era

By Michael K. Bielonwu, MCIArb. Introduction: Competition law, otherwise known as Antitrust laws plays a vital role in ensuring fair competition in markets and preventing monopolistic practices that can harm consumers and stifle innovation. Rooted in the belief that competition drives economic growth and benefits society at large, antitrust regulations aim to protect consumers, promote market efficiency, and maintain a…

Remedies Available to the Nigerian Workers in the Event of Death or Injury Resulting From Occupational Hazards
Remedies Available to the Nigerian Workers in the Event of Death or Injury Resulting From Occupational Hazards

By Jeremiah E. Aneji (LLB, B.L, MDRPN) INTRODUCTION The International Labour Organization (ILO) in its 2016 report on Nigeria’s profile Occupational Safety And Health (OSH) reported that between 2014 to 2016, Nigeria recorded 238 fatalities across different sectors of the economy resulting from occupational hazards. Within the time in view, about a total number of 3461 reported occupational accidents/injuries across…

Understanding Nigerian Data Protection Compliance Requirements
Understanding Nigerian Data Protection Compliance Requirements

Author: Margaret Ogbonnah Introduction: Data protection is the process of safeguarding important information from corruption, compromise or loss. Data Protection is necessary for every individual, business firm, or organization because it improves the trust between businesses and their customers. It also prevents the company from incurring expensive costs in forms of fines, litigation expenses, public embarrassment, and a bad reputation.…

How to Make an Insurance Claim in Nigeria
How to Make an Insurance Claim in Nigeria

Author: Margaret Ogbonnah Introduction: In Insurance, a claim is a request made to an insurance company by an insured individual or corporate entity for payment or compensation of a loss or damage covered by the insurance policy. The claim is made following the occurrence of a covered incident. The payment received by the insured individual will compensate for financial damages…

The Nigerian Electricity Act, 2023: Innovations and Potential Opportunities for Investors in the National Electricity Supply Industry
The Nigerian Electricity Act, 2023: Innovations and Potential Opportunities for Investors in the National Electricity Supply Industry

By Jeremiah E. Aneji Introduction The Electricity Act 2023, which was recently passed into law has been lauded by many as the re-affirmation of Nigeria’s drive towards attaining some measure of reform geared toward solving the perennial energy challenges she has been bedeviled with. The Act which repealed the erstwhile Electricity Reform Act of 2005, was enacted in keeping with…

The Students’ Loans (Access To Higher Education) Act, 2023: All You Need To Know (Part 1)
The Students’ Loans (Access To Higher Education) Act, 2023: All You Need To Know (Part 1)

By Jeremiah E. Aneji Introduction The Students Loans (Access to Higher Education) Act, 2023 recently assented to by the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria has elicited so much excitement within the polity, primarily amongst students and their parents/guardians as they eagerly anticipate such a time when this timely intervention would be implemented so as to drive aspirations for…

Business Formation And Types Of Incorporations In Nigeria Under Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) 2020
Business Formation And Types Of Incorporations In Nigeria Under Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) 2020

Author: Margaret Ogbonnah. Introduction The Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) 2020 regulates the activities of businesses in Nigeria. The enactment of CAMA 2020 which was assented to by the President on 7th August 2020 repealed CAMA 1990 which has regulated business activities in Nigeria for over 30 years. This has ushered in a new regime for the activities of…

Protection and Enforcement of Industrial Designs in Nigeria
Protection and Enforcement of Industrial Designs in Nigeria

Author: Margaret Ogbonnah Introduction Industrial Designs establish the language of a product as well as the corporate branding and identity of an enterprise. This article seeks to explain the concept of industrial designs, the requirements for its protection in Nigeria and the benefits of protection to the rights holder, the consumers and the economy. Conceptual clarification. Industrial design is a…

Competition Law: An Expose’ On Cartels
Competition Law: An Expose’ On Cartels

By Omatseyin Fredrick Esq.   Introduction. A very concise and explicit definition of cartels was given by the Competition Act of India, which defines cartels as ‘an association of producers, sellers, distributors, traders or service providers who, by agreement amongst themselves, limit, control or attempt to control the production, distribution, sale or price of or, trade in goods or provision…

Competition Law: Regulation of Competition in the Telecommunications Industry in Nigeria
Competition Law: Regulation of Competition in the Telecommunications Industry in Nigeria

By Omatseyin Fredrick Esq.   Introduction Competition in the Nigerian telecommunications industry is governed essentially by the Nigerian Communications Act 2003 and the Competition Practices Regulations (‘Competition Regulations’) issued by the Nigerian Communications Commission (‘NCC’) in 2007.¹ By Sec. 4(d) of the NCA, the NCC has the responsibility for promoting fair competition in the communications industry and protecting communications services…

Election Petition Tribunals, What To Watch Out For
Election Petition Tribunals, What To Watch Out For

By: Jeremiah E. Aneji   Introduction Nigerians can attest that the 2023 general elections have been one of the most fiercely contested in recent history. This is evidenced by the massive voter participation at every stage of the electioneering process. For many, the 2023 general elections present an opportunity for the long-desired change the country has been yearning for. At…

An Overview of Copyright Protection In Nigeria
An Overview of Copyright Protection In Nigeria

Author: Margaret Ogbonnah.   Introduction Copyright is a form of intellectual property. It has been defined by Black’s Law Dictionary, 9th Edition as a right granted to the author or originator of certain literary or artistic productions, whereby the creator is invested, for a limited period, with the sole and exclusive privilege of multiplying copies of the literary or artistic…

The Protection and Enforcement of Patents in Nigeria
The Protection and Enforcement of Patents in Nigeria

  Author; Margaret Ogbonnah   Introduction Patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention for a maximum period of 20 years from the date of filing of the patent application. The right granted to the patentee prevents others from using the invention during the period granted. Inventions like every other type of intellectual property are intangible in nature, therefore…

Protection And Enforcement of Trademark Rights In Nigeria
Protection And Enforcement of Trademark Rights In Nigeria

Author: Margaret Ogbonnah   Introduction Trademark in modern times has assumed greater significance as a branch of intellectual property law. It guarantees rights over goods and services of a manufacturer as against unfair imitation by other persons. Put at its simplest, a trademark is some type of sign which distinguishes the product or service of one manufacturer or service provider…

Consumer Protection: An Analysis Of The Patient Bill of Rights (PBOR) in Nigeria
Consumer Protection: An Analysis Of The Patient Bill of Rights (PBOR) in Nigeria

BY Michael Kama Bielonwu Omatseyin Fredrick Jerimiah Aneji Margaret Ogbonnah Introduction The ordeal, humiliation, and dehumanizing treatments that patients go through at the hands of caregivers, particularly Doctors, and Nurses in our hospitals are unethical, unlawful, as they are unacceptable. Health/Patient Rights Violations, Medical Negligence, and Medical Malpractices are cankerworms that have eaten deep into the fabric of our healthcare…

The Role Of The Federal Consumer Protection Commission In Merger And  Acquisition In Nigeria
The Role Of The Federal Consumer Protection Commission In Merger And  Acquisition In Nigeria

Author; Jeremiah Aneji   Introduction Mergers & Acquisitions are corporate restructuring tools that enhances several interests which primarily centers on consolidating on the means of production, capturing larger market shares to increase competitiveness within a given market or sector of the economy. While this is admirable, public policy always takes into consideration the aftermath of these kinds of transaction on…

Internet Fraud and Its Adverse Effect in the Economy of Nigeria
Internet Fraud and Its Adverse Effect in the Economy of Nigeria

Author; Margaret Ogbonnah   Introduction The invention of the internet technology marked a remarkable turn- around in the life of citizens of the world. The Internet has facilitated global business and social interactions. It has indeed turned the world to a global village. It has greatly contributed in enhancing communication and interaction between people irrespective of their location in the globe. However, rather than…

The Central Bank of Nigeria Policy on Cash Withdrawal Limits Vis -a-Vis Its Role to Ensure Monetary and Price Stability in Nigeria
The Central Bank of Nigeria Policy on Cash Withdrawal Limits Vis -a-Vis Its Role to Ensure Monetary and Price Stability in Nigeria

By: Margaret Ogbonnah Esq. Introduction The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), as part of its statutory obligations, is charged with the responsibility of ensuring Monetary and Price Stability in Nigeria. To effectively carry out this mandate, the CBN from time to time formulates and monitor the effective implementation of monitory policies in order to ensure sanity in the financial system.…

The Inevitable Role of Due Diligence in a Merger and Acquisition Scheme
The Inevitable Role of Due Diligence in a Merger and Acquisition Scheme

By Jeremiah E. Aneji Esq. MIDRP Introduction Corporate Merger and Acquisition are viable tools of corporate expansion and stability. It has also aided the survival of several businesses by providing the much-needed resources and manpower to weather tough and unpredictable business terrains. For a merger or an acquisition to attain its desired results, several factors are to be put in…

Securitization and Competition in the Banking Industry in Nigeria: Types of Bank Loans and the Effect of Competition on Banks
Securitization and Competition in the Banking Industry in Nigeria: Types of Bank Loans and the Effect of Competition on Banks

By Omatseyin Fredrick Esq. LL.M Investment Law and Policy. Introduction. Financial institutions require security as collateral before granting loans to borrowers. Securities are collaterals in form of assets or property offered or pledged by individuals or corporate entities for the issuance of a loan from a bank and when the borrower fails to repay the loan, the bank can take…

The New Legal Regime, Innovations and Incentives for Strategic Investment in the Mining Sector in Nigeria
The New Legal Regime, Innovations and Incentives for Strategic Investment in the Mining Sector in Nigeria

By Uroko Luke Agada Esq. FIPMA, Notary Pubic   INTRODUCTION: The Nigeria mining sector continues to draw increasing investor interests, particularly foreign, resulting from its evident role as a viable alternative to the country’s oil-based economy. It therefore becomes imperative to understand the basic legal framework governing the sector.  In doing so, this paper seeks to do a general overview of…

Evolution Of Sports Law, Football as a Case Study (Part 2)
Evolution Of Sports Law, Football as a Case Study (Part 2)

By: Michael K. Bielonwu Esq., MCIArb., FIDR. Introduction: Sports law generally refers to the body of laws, rules, and regulations guiding a particular sport. This transcends the actual sporting activities to life outside the sporting arena. Therefore, in this series, we shall look at how the law has evolved over the years as it concerns football, either on or off…

Competitiveness of the Energy Sector in Nigeria: Decentralized Energy Options a solution to our Energy Crisis.
Competitiveness of the Energy Sector in Nigeria: Decentralized Energy Options a solution to our Energy Crisis.

By Omatseyin Fredrick Esq. The Nigerian energy supply crisis refers to the present failure of the Nigerian power sector to provide adequate electricity supply to meet both domestic and industrial needs sufficient to support a rapidly growing economy like ours. Currently, only 45% of Nigeria’s population is connected to the national grid and due to this reason, a large percentage of…

Cybercrime In Nigeria: The Implication on our Economy
Cybercrime In Nigeria: The Implication on our Economy

By Margaret Ogbonnah. INTRODUCTION Cybercrimes is an illegal activity carried out over the internet which targets the security of computer systems and the data processed by them. A lot of people in the world, mostly Nigerians have limited knowledge of the crime occurring in cyberspace, known as cybercrime. Cybercrime happens in the world of computers and the Internet. This kind of crime has a…

Indirect Liabilities or The Doctrine of Respondeat Superior; Why Should I Care About It?
Indirect Liabilities or The Doctrine of Respondeat Superior; Why Should I Care About It?

By Uroko L. Agada Esq., FIPMA, NOTARY PUBLIC INTRODUCTION The doctrine of Respondeat Superior is a fixative responsibility doctrine. It fixes the responsibility of a fault or damage on another due to the special relationship that exist between them or that the parties maintain, like employer/employee, parent/child, husband/wife and so on. It is used interchangeably with vicarious liability and for the purpose of this…

Merger & Acquisition: A Multi -Dimensional Leverage For Corporate Expansion
Merger & Acquisition: A Multi -Dimensional Leverage For Corporate Expansion

By Jeremiah E. Aneji Introduction Merger & Acquisition describes businesses’ strategies to give them a competitive edge over rivals, increasing the prospects for multidimensional expansions as far as state antitrust laws will allow.¹ It is that part of corporate reengineering that focuses on the buying, selling and consolidation of companies². It is a veritable source of business expansion in any thriving economy and…

An Analysis Of The Consumers’ Rights Under The New Regime: Know Your Right As A Consumer (Part 2
An Analysis Of The Consumers’ Rights Under The New Regime: Know Your Right As A Consumer (Part 2

By Michael K. Bielonwu Esq. MCIArb, FIDR Agada, U. Luke Esq. FIPMA, Notary Public Omatseyin, O. Fredrick Esq (LLM), MSCGN, MCILRM Jeremiah E. Aneji Esq. MIDR Margaret E. Ogbonnah 1.0 INTRODUCTION The campaign for consumer rights in Nigeria has become imperative. This is so because Nigerian consumers have suffered a great deal at the hands of Vendors, Suppliers, and Service…

Evolution Of Sports Law, Football As a Case Study (Part 1)
Evolution Of Sports Law, Football As a Case Study (Part 1)

By: Michael K. Bielonwu Esq., MCIArb., FIDR. Introduction: Sports law generally refers to the body of laws, rules and regulations guiding a particular sport. This transcends the actual sporting activities to life outside the sporting arena. Therefore, in this series, we shall look at how the law has evolved concerning football, both on and off the pitch. History of football: Under this sub,…

Challenges Of The Digital Economy in Nigeria and the Possible Way Forward
Challenges Of The Digital Economy in Nigeria and the Possible Way Forward

BY MARGARET EZEKIEL OGBONNAH ABSTRACT Nigeria is only taking advantage of a fraction of the limitless potential in the present global digital economy. Therefore, Nigeria needs substantial strategic investments in this area to catch up with the rest of the world. Consequently, I believe that with improvements in digital connectivity, digital skills, digital financial services and other core areas of digital development in Nigeria,…

Competition Law In Nigeria: The New Regime
Competition Law In Nigeria: The New Regime

BY OMATSEYIN FREDRICK Esq. LLM (Investment Law and Policy), MSCGN, MCILRM, PMP Introduction: After years of going around in a circle in a bid to enact a codified Competition Law for Nigeria, Nigeria finally had a breakthrough with the enactment of the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act (FCCPA) by the National Assembly in December 2018 and subsequently signed into law by President Muhammadu…

Mergers and The Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) In Nigeria
Mergers and The Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) In Nigeria

By Jeremiah E. Aneji Introduction Nigeria has, over the years, suffered multiple setbacks in her industrialisation drive leading to a record high unemployment, near absence of manufacturing activities, inflations and a devaluation of the Naira. Several factors are responsible for these setbacks, one of which is the absence of a conducive environment to encourage Medium Enterprises (SMEs). According to a…

Legal Protection and Solutions to Sexual Harassment at the Workplace In Nigeria
Legal Protection and Solutions to Sexual Harassment at the Workplace In Nigeria

By Michael K. Bielonwu Esq.,MCIArb, FIDR. Agada, U. Luke Esq. FIPMA; Notary Public. Fredrick O. Omatseyin Jeremiah E. Aneji Margaret E. Ogbonnah ABSTRACT: Sexual harassment if not curtailed in any society will lead to sexual violence. Sexual violence is an age-old global phenomenon, which occurs in every human society. It has become an “equal opportunity affliction”, sparing no race, gender,…

The Legality of Freezing Bank Accounts Without The Order of a Competent Court of Law
The Legality of Freezing Bank Accounts Without The Order of a Competent Court of Law

Author: Margaret Ogbonnah INTRODUCTION It is common knowledge that banks owe their customers duty of confidentiality. This means that the details of the bank account and the customer will not be revealed or divulged to a third party, and transactions conducted through the bank account must be kept private from unauthorised persons. This confidentiality rule forms the bedrock of modern banking practice. With this…

Debt Recovery Through Debt Restructuring
Debt Recovery Through Debt Restructuring

By: Michael K. Bielonwu Esq., MCIArb., FIDR. U. L. Agada, Esq. Fredrick O. Omatseyin Esq. Jeremiah E. Aneji Esq. Margaret E. Ogbonnah, Esq. Introduction: In Nigeria, debt recovery has always been an issue of concern for businesses, especially those in the financial sector, like banks and other money lenders, as it is increasingly becoming difficult to recover a debt owed using the…

Judgement Enforcement Through Bankruptcy Proceedings
Judgement Enforcement Through Bankruptcy Proceedings

By Michael K. Bielonwu Esq., MCIArb., FIDR. Abstract: The final stage of every dispute is the enforcement of the outcome obtained from the dispute resolution body so that any bottleneck to the enforcement of such judgment or resolution leads to a situation where it can be said that the entire process has been a complete waste of every body’s time…

The Tort of Malicious Prosecution in Nigeria (Creating A Balance Between Crime Reporting and Malicious Accusations)
The Tort of Malicious Prosecution in Nigeria (Creating A Balance Between Crime Reporting and Malicious Accusations)

By Jeremiah E. Aneji. INTRODUCTION The Nigerian justice system recognizes the rights of individuals to register formal complaints to relevant authorities when an offense has been committed against his/her person or property. It also recognizes the civic duties and obligations to report the commission of a crime to the appropriate authorities even when one is not the victim or object of the said offence.…

A Peep Into Securities Litigation in Nigeria- Trends, Pattern and Recommendations
A Peep Into Securities Litigation in Nigeria- Trends, Pattern and Recommendations

By Omatseyin Fredrick Esq. Introduction Securities litigation in Nigeria generally entails disputes between capital market operators, investors and clearing agencies, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC, a federal government agency), and investors, etc.; disputes arising from the administration, management and operation of investment schemes relating to securities transaction(s). When a party files a complaint at SEC against an operator for any securities transaction, the complaint…

Probate Registry and Administration of Estates in Nigeria
Probate Registry and Administration of Estates in Nigeria

By Margaret Ezekiel Ogbonnah INTRODUCTION The area of law known as “Estate Administration” is primarily concerned with legal rights and responsibilities that arise after death. The property of the deceased, both real and personal, passes to the Administrator upon his appointment by the court to the extent it passes to an Executor. Still, in the interval between the death of…

Partnerships (Limitless Opportunities and Pitfalls)
Partnerships (Limitless Opportunities and Pitfalls)

By Fredrick O. Omatseyi, Esq. Jeremiah E. Aneji. Esq. Margaret E. Ogbonna INTRODUCTION Partnership as a concept has relevance across all spectrums of society. It would feature prominently in business/commercial transactions with several testaments in the success stories of leading enterprises and successful ventures. It entails collaboration between two or more persons or between businesses and government entities to prosecute…

Attracting Foreign Direct Investment Through Securitization By The Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria
Attracting Foreign Direct Investment Through Securitization By The Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria

By Michael K. Bielonwu Esq., MCIArb., FIDR Abstract: Many developing economies and even advanced systems have all continued to use Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to grow their economies as it has become apparent in the present era of globalisation that no one country can do it all alone. Foreign Direct Investment, or FDI for short, is a purchase of an…

Project Finance: A Solution to Nigeria’s Infrastructural Deficit
Project Finance: A Solution to Nigeria’s Infrastructural Deficit

By Michael K. Bielonwu, MCIArb. (UK), FIDR Fredrick O. Omatseyin Esq. Jeremiah E. Aneji Esq. Margaret E. Ogbonnah 1.0. Introduction The infrastructural needs in Nigeria are pretty enormous. The Nigerian Government, over the years, has tried without success to meet these needs. Even when efforts are made to embark on a capital project that can impact lives and ease the burden on its…

The Failures Of The Judicial System In Nigeria
The Failures Of The Judicial System In Nigeria

By Margaret Ezekiel Ogbonna ABSTRACT The Judiciary is the arm of government saddled with the responsibility of interpreting and applying the law to deliver justice in society. In essence, the thrust of the Judiciary is to do justice. Therefore, by its very nature, the Judiciary is the last line of defence and hope in a democratic society. It is the…

Towards an Effective Appellate System in Nigeria
Towards an Effective Appellate System in Nigeria

By:Michael K. Bielonwu, MCIArb. (UK),Fredrick O. Omatseyin Esq.,Jeremiah E. Aneji Esq.,Margaret E. Ogbonnah.   Abstract:This article examines the appellate system of the Nigerian judiciary vis-à-vis what is obtainable in the United States of America and the United Kingdom.While the article is not intended to be a comprehensive comparative study of the three systems, it will look at the differences between…

Consumer Protection in Nigeria: The New Regime
Consumer Protection in Nigeria: The New Regime

By Omatseyin, O. Fredrick Esq. 1.1 Introduction In Nigeria, the issue of fake and substandard products has received quite a level of attention from the government and various interest groups. The problem, which cuts across various product fields, including food and drugs, is also evident in service delivery. Most often, consumers find themselves saddled with shoddy services or even non-performance…

Nigeria’s Tax Drive; The Role of Private Citizens in Nation Building
Nigeria’s Tax Drive; The Role of Private Citizens in Nation Building

BY Jeremiah E. Aneji Nigeria has had its fair share of the economic downturn in recent years. The worse of which were the recessions of 2016 and 2020. To salvage the situation, the Government has constantly latched on to foreign and local loans to fund its budget deficits and implement its infrastructural development programmes. This budgetary deficit has recently measured up to 25% per…

Making the Arbitral System a More Effective Alternative to Litigation In Nigeria
Making the Arbitral System a More Effective Alternative to Litigation In Nigeria

By Michael K. Bielonwu MCIArb. Introduction: Litigation as a preferred mode of dispute resolution as against what is obtainable under our various raditions and culture may be mainly due to expansion in the growth of cosmopolitan cities worldwide. Further, some believe that other modes of dispute resolution do not have a binding effect on the disputants who consider themselves at…